The Mystery

The idea of the ‘extended mind’ has become increasingly popular within philosophical discussion. We can see this view presented in the work of British philosopher Andy Clark, who has written a book called Supersizing the Mind. In addition, Alva Noë has written a book called Out of Our Heads, subtitled ‘Why you are not your brain, and other lessons from the Biology of Consciousness’. Their argument suggests that the mind is in fact an interaction between the brain and its environment, also known as the ‘inactive theory of the mind’. Today, we are seeing more people who are drawn to this way of understanding consciousness and the mind. When we turn to individual and collective experiences, our conscious awareness of the world certainly extends beyond the confines of our head. Instead, our mind is something we experience in direct symbiosis with our surroundings. What stands out about this view is its emphasis on consciousness as a playing field which extends out into the world beyond our...

This question and the wider study of consciousness has captivated philosophers and scientists for the past 3,000 years. In modern times, and especially from the eighteenth-century onwards, the most pervasive position within scientific discourse has been the theory of materialism. Put simply, this is the view that everything that actually exists is material or physical. The materialist dogma ultimately reduces everything to unconscious matter — in fact, it implies that since everything is made of unconscious matter, including our brains, that the phenomenon of consciousness and 'minds' should not exist at all. However, given that we are conscious, this poses a dilemma for the materialist: how does inert, physical matter give rise to consciousness and the capacity for subjective experience? In philosophical terms, this is known as the 'hard problem of consciousness'. In the materialist’s eyes, we ought to be unconscious — but we are not. This ultimately leaves the materia...

Quantum-biological effects in the brain, a frontier of quantum biology and neuroscience, are the subject of ongoing research, with emerging evidence suggesting quantum phenomena like superposition and entanglement may influence neuronal activity and cognitive functions. While long dismissed due to the warm, noisy brain environment, new studies on molecules like tryptophan and the protein tubulin within microtubules show potential for quantum effects, such as photoprotection and information processing, to occur in brain cells. However, it remains to be seen if these microscopic quantum events can scale up to affect neuronal computations or consciousness. Evidence for Quantum Effects in the Brain Microtubules : These protein structures within neurons are hypothesized to act as quantum computers, processing information through quantum superposition and entanglement.  Tryptophan Networks : Large networks of tryptophan, an amino acid found in neurons, exhibit quantum superradiance, effi...

When materialism claims that algorithmic physical reality is all that exists and that consciousness is epiphenomenal, it not only does humanity a bad service, but it is actually wrong! It is crucial that reliable and competent scientists raise their voices to counter such erroneous notions. Already, an increasing number of researchers are beginning to wonder about the many overlooked 'anomalies' that reveal deep cracks in what has seemed unassailable principles for so long. Through these anomalies leaks the light of a reality quite different from the one envisaged by materialist physics. In the model I propose, as I have already anticipated, consciousness, free will, and Life exist from the very beginning as constitutive properties of the holistic Whole (One) that also contains other properties that allowed the evolution of the inanimate universe. According to this model, the inanimate universe did not come first but derives from a deeper quantum reality inhabited by seities wi...

If we start from consciousness, free will, and creativity as irreducible properties of nature, the whole scientific conception of reality is overturned. In this new vision, the emotional and intuitive parts of life—ignored by materialism—return to play a central role. Aristotle said: 'To educate the mind without educating the heart means not educating at all.' We cannot let physicalism and reductionism define human nature and leave consciousness out from the description of the universe. The physicalist and reductionist premises are perfect for describing the mechanical and symbolic-informational aspects of reality, but they are inadequate to explain its semantic aspects. If we insist that these assumptions describe all of reality, we eliminate a priori what distinguishes us from our machines and we erase our consciousness, our freedom and, above all, our humanity from the face of the universe. If, on the other hand, we take our inner world seriously and begin to investigate it ...

It is becoming ever more evident that unconscious matter cannot produce consciousness, while conscious entities can produce phenomena that behave like unconscious matter. 'More' cannot come out of 'less', though the opposite is clearly possible. Crucially, when consciousness and free will are irreducible properties of nature, the evolution of the physical universe can no longer be the work of a 'blind watchmaker', but the result of cooperating and intelligent conscious entities that have always existed and are the ultimate cause of the universe's eternal becoming. In the book ' Irreducible ', there is a crucial distinction between conscious and unconscious knowledge that is generally neglected in the scientific literature since consciousness is considered epiphenomenal. This confusion is further facilitated by the lack of appropriate words in the English language to discriminate the two. In the Italian language there are two verbs, conoscere and sape...